- Lesson VII. Adjectives -
Adjectives are different
in their quantity : either as noun, in plural form adjectives gain
suffix ~хэ.
дахэ
– beautiful
дахэхэ
- beautiful (in plural form)
дэгъу
- good
дэгъухэ
- good (in plural form)
дэи
- bad
дэихэ
- bad (in plural form)
Adjectives are different
as qualitative and relative.
The
Qualitative adjectives are those which can have comparative and
superlative degrees. The Qualitative adjectives are always posited
after the defined word:
КIалэ
дэгъу - good boy [boy good]
Пшъашъэ
дэх - beautiful girl [girl beautiful]
ЦIыф Iуш
- wise man [person wise]
The
Relative adjectives are those which can not have the comparative
degrees. They are posited before the defined word:
ГъукIэ
гъогур - railway [iron road]
Пхъэ
Iанэ - wooden table
In
both events when we change the form and number of structure
"none + quality adjective" or "relative adjectives +
none" this leads to changing of the suffix of the last word in
structure:
Пшъэшъэ
дах
- Beautiful girl
Пшъэшъэ
дахэхэр
- beautiful girls
ЦIыф Iуш
- wise person.
ЦIыф Iушхэр
- wise people.
ГъукIэ
гъогур
- railway
ГъукIэ
гъогухэр
- railways
Qualitative
adjectives can have comparative and superlative degrees:
The Comparative degree is
formed by auxiliary word нахь
/ анáхь
(more).
Ар
ощ нахь
лъагэ
– he is higher than you
Нахь
ины хъугъэ
– He became bigger [More big became]
Нахь
лIэблан
охъун фай
- You must be braver [more brave you-become must]
For superlative degrees
the structure зэкIэмэ
анахь
(more then all...) is used:
Ар
зэкIэмэ
анахь дахэ –
She is the most beautiful [She than-all more beautiful]
Ар
зэкIэмэ
анахь
лъагэ - It is the highest [It than-all
more high]
ЗэкIэми
анахь
дэгъу
шхынкIэ
ыгъэшхагъ –
She feeds him with the tastiest meal [then-all more good meal-with
she-him-feeded]
Ар
заужмэ
анахь
лъэщэ – He is the strongest [He
than-all more strong]
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